Evaluating the Effect of COVID-19 on Pregnant Women: A Case-Control Study

Background: Pregnant women experience physiological changes that make them more susceptible to respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Given the potential impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy, it is crucial to continue to investigate the effect of the pandemic on pregnant women and their infants. This information will be important for informing for all the stakeholders including clinical care, and public health policies. Method(s): This study is a retrospective observational analytical study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at SMGS hospital, Jammu. The study included 180 pregnant females who reported to emergency Obstetrics and Gynecology from 1st April to 30 June 2020. The sample size of 180 patients was divided into two groups: Group 1 included 90 COVID-19 positive pregnant females and Group 2 included 90 COVID-19 negative pregnant females. Result(s): No significant differences were found in age, parity, gestational age, comorbidities, mode of delivery, maternal complications, neonatal Apgar scores, or birth weight. The prevalence of comorbidities and maternal complications was similar in both groups, and most neonates had normal Apgar scores and birth weights. Conclusion(s): Therefore, it is suggested that appropriate management and care should be provided to all pregnant women, regardless of their COVID-19 status, to minimize any potential adverse outcomes.Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.

Covid-19 Detection using PCA with EL in X-ray Images

Covid-19 is a highly contagious disease that can easily spread from infected person through mouth or nose when they breathe, sneeze, speak etc. Because of its highly contagious nature, it makes large number of people sick at a pace that can destroy any country's health system. Although most of the young and fit people have seen mild impact of Covid-19, it has proven to be severe to highly severe in people with comorbidities. Covid19 has changed the way we live and work and is making huge impact in economic, social, political environments. Diagnosis of coronavirus can be done through different tests and tools. This paper includes the role of machine learning in diagnosis of coronavirus from chest X-rays. Three commonly used classifiers were used i.e., Logistic Regression, XGBoost, and Random Forest and final model is created using all these algorithms. The main focus is achieve high accuracy. To fasten the learning process, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is also integrated and also high discriminate features are used in order to achieve better accuracy. We have used dataset containing Chest X-Ray images for this study. Our proposed work of PCA with Ensemble Learning algorithms have shown promising signs with better results for identification of positive cases. Copyright © 2022, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.

“Critical quality attributes of rapid test kits – A practical overview”

Over the last two decades, various Immune assays utilizing gold nanoparticles have been developed that can be habituated to study the antigen-antibody identification, especially for infectious diseases (e.g.SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis. These gold nanoparticle-labeled immunochromatographic assays have been utilized for developing biosensors and provide a captivating denotes for performing bioassays on-field. These tests are very sensitive and sometimes engender nonspecific results that lead to diagnostic errors. Therefore, scientists are fascinated by examining the reliability of these test kits. Such test kits are composed in uncut sheet structures after protein conjugation labeled with markers (mostly AuNPs) and nitrocellulose membrane (NCM) coating.In most countries and in India for the easy & expeditious production in current situation of global virus pendamic, the rapid test kits are manufactured after purchasing an un-cut sheet from vendors and are assembled to compose final the test kits after cutting to pieces. Often it is perceived that there is very little information provided or available about these un-cut sheets. Due to the specific antigen – antibody-protein design and stability, these sheets often have specific efficiency issues. To develop a better rapid test kit, not only is the manufacturer's pre-un-cut sheet evaluation is very crucial, but it is also necessary to monitor the essential quality attributes during sheet cutting & scale-up to maintain the potency of the kits. Herein, we are including, all the critical quality variables or factors to be considered during kits assembly to enhance the reliability of the kits and to evade regulatory scrutiny. © 2020 Innovare Academics Sciences Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.